Container-Based Sanitation Alliance
Container-based sanitation (CBS) is an affordable and hygienic sanitation service ideally suited to addressing the sanitation need in dense urban areas. CBS toilets collect human excreta in sealable, removable containers that are transported to treatment facilities when full. It involves a service that provides toilets, collects and returns containers and safely disposes of, or reuses, excreta. CBS providers tackle urine in varying ways and, while no CBS provider has to date focused on recycling urine, there is significant potential in this area. Join the CBS Alliance, a coalition of CBS practitioners around the world, to learn more about the alliance, the work of its members and the opportunities and challenges of integrating urine reuse into the CBS business model.
Kory Russel
Kory Russel is an Assistant Professor of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon where he teaches courses on sustainable and human-centered design, courses on water, sanitation and public health, as well as course in Environmental Studies. He has conducted extensive research internationally including in Haiti and Mozambique.
Virginia Gardiner
Virginia Gardiner is the CEO of Loowatt and the inventor of the Loowatt toilet system. Prior to establishing Loowatt in 2010, she worked with a number of award-winning product and design companies. Virginia holds a joint Masters in Innovation Design Engineering from the Royal College of Arts and Imperial College London and a BA from Stanford University in Comparative Literature.
Lauren Harroff
Lauren Harroff is a member of the Citywise team at Sanergy, which applies Sanergy’s experience in Nairobi to address worldwide urban sanitation challenges. Previously, she has led research and development on pathogen inactivation, reuse processes and greenhouse gas emissions from sanitation and waste treatment. Lauren holds a PhD in Biological and Environmental Engineering from Cornell University and a BS in Biosystems Engineering from Clemson University.
David Crosweller
David Crosweller is a co-founder of UK based Sanitation First. He was instrumental in its focus being primarily sustainable sanitation and, later, in its name change in 2016. He continues to strive for a practical, economic solution to bring decent sanitation to the world’s poorest people.
